Longevity & Cellular
NAD+
Also published as Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
A central metabolic coenzyme present in every living cell, carrying electrons in redox reactions and acting as a substrate for sirtuins and PARP enzymes. It is not a peptide and sits in this catalogue because the research market asks for it.
Where it came from
Characterised in the early twentieth century as cozymase. The current research interest dates from the discovery of sirtuin and PARP dependent NAD consumption and the observation that tissue NAD declines with age.
What the literature examines
- Sirtuin and PARP enzyme activity
- Mitochondrial function and age related metabolic decline
- DNA damage response and NAD consumption
- Precursor supplementation, principally nicotinamide riboside and NMN, in human trials
State of the evidence
Human trial data in this space is overwhelmingly about precursors such as NR and NMN, which raise NAD indirectly. Direct NAD administration has very little controlled human evidence.
What a buyer should know
NAD is a large, charged molecule with poor cell membrane permeability, which is the whole reason the precursor field exists. Evidence about NR or NMN should never be presented as evidence about NAD itself.
Handling and stability
Hygroscopic and unstable in solution, particularly at neutral to alkaline pH. Of everything in this catalogue it is the least forgiving of warm storage.
Read it yourself
We do not publish a curated citation list, because a hand picked list of papers is a sales tool. These links run a live query against the public databases, so you see everything, including the results that do not suit us.
Supplied for laboratory research use only. Nothing on this page is a dose, a protocol or a claim of effect in humans, and nothing here is medical advice. Read our research use policy.